I-Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: Isixazululo Esinengqondo

Ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile ezindaweni ezihlukene kuhlanganisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuqoqa, ukwelashwa, nokuhlakazwa/ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile ezindaweni zokuhlala zabantu ngabanye, izikhungo zezimboni noma zezikhungo, iqoqo lamakhaya noma amabhizinisi, kanye nemiphakathi yonke.Ukuhlolwa kwezimo eziqondene nesayithi kuyenziwa ukuze kunqunywe uhlobo olufanele lwesistimu yokwelapha yendawo ngayinye.Lezi zinhlelo ziyingxenye yengqalasizinda yaphakade futhi zingaphathwa njengezindawo ezizimele zodwa noma zihlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokuhlanza indle ezimaphakathi.Bahlinzeka ngohlu lwezinketho zokwelapha kusukela ekuphathweni okulula, okungenzi lutho ngokuhlakazwa kwenhlabathi, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-septic noma ama-onsite systems, kuya ezindleleni eziyinkimbinkimbi nezisetshenziswa ngomshini njengamayunithi okwelapha athuthukisiwe aqoqa futhi aphathe imfucuza evela ezakhiweni eziningi futhi ikhishwe emanzini angaphezulu. kumbe umhlabathi.Ngokuvamile zifakwa endaweni noma eduze nendawo lapho amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa khona.Amasistimu aphumela phezulu (amanzi noma umhlabathi) adinga imvume ye-National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES).

Lawa masistimu angakwazi:

• Ukusebenzela ngezikali ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa izindawo zokuhlala, amabhizinisi, noma imiphakathi emincane;

• Phatha amanzi angcolile abe emazingeni avikela impilo yomphakathi kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi;

• Ukuthobela imithetho kamasipala nekahulumeni;futhi

• Sebenza kahle ezindaweni zasemakhaya, ezisemadolobheni nasemadolobheni.

KUNGANI UKWELASHWA KWAMANZI AMADAKAZI OKUDLULISWE?

Ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile ezindaweni ezihlukene kungaba enye indlela ehlakaniphile yemiphakathi ecabangela amasistimu amasha noma ukulungisa, ukufaka esikhundleni, noma ukwandisa amasistimu okuhlanza amanzi angcolile akhona.Emiphakathini eminingi, ukwelashwa okudluliselwe ezindaweni eziningi kungaba:

• Ingabizi futhi iyonga

• Ukugwema izindleko ezinkulu zemali

• Ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza nezokulungisa

• Ukuthuthukisa ibhizinisi namathuba emisebenzi

• Okuluhlaza futhi okumeme

• Ukuzuza izinga lamanzi nokutholakala

• Ukusebenzisa amandla nomhlaba ngokuhlakanipha

• Ukusabela ekukhuleni ngenkathi ulondoloza indawo eluhlaza

• Iphephile ekuvikeleni imvelo, impilo yomphakathi, kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi

• Ukuvikela impilo yomphakathi

• Ukunciphisa ukungcola okuvamile, imisoco, nokungcola okuvelayo

• Ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kanye nobungozi bezempilo obuhambisana namanzi angcolile

UMUGQA WOKUPHAKATHI

Ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile ezindaweni ezihlukene kungaba yisixazululo esinengqondo semiphakathi yanoma yibuphi usayizi kanye nezibalo zabantu.Njenganoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo, amasistimu ahlukaniselwe abantu ezindaweni kumele aklanywe ngendlela efanele, anakekelwe, futhi asetshenziswe ukuze anikeze izinzuzo ezifanele.Lapho izimisele ngokulingana kahle, izinhlelo ezihlukaniselwe abantu ezindaweni zisiza imiphakathi ukuthi ifinyelele emgqeni ophindwe kathathu wokusimama: okuhle emvelweni, okuhle emnothweni, nokulungele abantu.

LAPHO ISEBENZA KHONA

I-Loudoun County, VA

I-Loudoun Water, e-Loudoun County, eVirginia (eWashington, DC, indawo engaphansi kwedolobha), isebenzise indlela edidiyelwe yokulawulwa kwamanzi angcolile ehlanganisa umthamo othengiwe esitshalweni esiphakathi nendawo, indawo yokubuyisela amanzi ngesathelayithi, kanye nezinhlelo ezimbalwa ezincane zamaqoqo omphakathi.Le ndlela ivumele isifunda ukuthi sigcine isimo saso sasemakhaya futhi yakha uhlelo lapho ukukhula kukhokhela ukukhula.Onjiniyela baklama futhi bakhe izinsiza zamanzi angcolile zeqoqo ezilinganisweni ze-Loudoun Water ngezindleko zabo futhi badlulisele ubunikazi bohlelo e-Loudoun Water ukuze luqhubeke lulungiswa.Uhlelo luyazisekela ngokwezimali ngamanani ahlanganisa izindleko.Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe:http://www.loudounwater.org/

Rutherford County, TN

I-Consolidated Utility District (CUD) ye-Rutherford County, Tennessee, inikeza izinsiza zendle kumakhasimende aso amaningi angaphandle ngohlelo olusha.Uhlelo olusetshenziswayo luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-septic tank effluent pumping (STEP) uhlelo oluhlanganisa cishe amasistimu wamanzi angcolile ahlukaniswe iziqephu ezingaba ngu-50, wonke aqukethe uhlelo lwe-STEP, isihlungi sesihlabathi esijikelezayo, kanye nesistimu enkulu yokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi amdaka.Zonke izinhlelo ziphethwe futhi ziphethwe yi-Rutherford County CUD.Uhlelo luvumela ukuthuthukiswa kokuminyana okuphezulu (izingxenye ezingaphansi) ezindaweni zesifunda lapho indle yedolobha ingatholakali khona noma izinhlobo zenhlabathi zingahambisani nethangi le-septic evamile kanye nemigqa yenkambu yokukhipha amanzi.Ithangi le-septic elingu-1,500-gallon lifakwe iphampu kanye nephaneli yokulawula etholakala endaweni ngayinye yokuhlala ukuze kulawulwe ukukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile ohlelweni lokuqoqa amanzi angcolile.Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi: http://www.cudrc.com/Departments/Waste-Water.aspx

Lesi sihloko sivele kabusha: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-06/documents/mou-intro-paper-081712-pdf-adobe-acrobat-pro.pdf